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The signals for the melody strings are purely generated electronically by the keys and also in combination with the rotation of the wheel. !�$�x�;�����G~���m8�LV��&�Hp|~`�������6���o�ۭQ:u����D�p��L�����\ג�Ӣ�1ŵ���fƈé��T�[�6� �������%P2�����,P�L4h�Ͻh��YU0O�bn� e��^9�o�BP%�`�;;k����%�8��"�Q+�B�k��Q����S���>f\K5�"�R@)��\&�4����:��*LQ�e The first was guitar-shaped and the second had a rounded By the end of the 17th century changing musical tastes demanded greater polyphonic capabilities than the hurdy-gurdy could offer and pushed the instrument to the lowest social classes; as a result it acquired names like the German During this time the hurdy-gurdy also spread further to Central Europe, where further variations developed in western Slavic countries, German-speaking areas and Hungary (see the list of types below for more information on them). While initially used in churches before they had organs (around 1,100 a.d., northern France), it didn't take too long before street musicians used hurdy gurdies in folk music. Because of the small size of the wheel these instruments most commonly have three strings: one melody string, one tenor drone and one bass drone. ;l"��5�j&��L�W,��Q{i�ח�f�fE������owo��cW&�v���h��\��reJ/;i��NrG\7jN�M@�m�Z�vdK�F���,�5�[?E�ܽ�� Improper cottoning results in a raspy tone, especially at higher pitches. The signals for drone strings and the snares are generated by the crank movements of the wheel. Large-wheeled instruments (wheel diameters between 14 and 17 cm, or about 5.5 – 6.6 inches) are traditionally found in Western Europe.

42, No. The hurdy-gurdy is generally thought to have originated from fiddles in either Europe or the Middle East (e.g., the rebab instrument) some time before the eleventh century A.D. The hurdy-gurdyis a string instrument with a wheel (or circular bow) which setsseveral melody and drone strings vibrating … Depending on the technical equipment of the instrument, the Margaret J. Kartomi: On Concepts and Classifications of Musical Instruments. This technique is often known by its French term, the Regional types of hurdy-gurdies since the Renaissance can also be classified based on wheel size and the presence or absence (and type) of a buzzing bridge. These instruments generally have a narrow keybox with drone strings that run outside the keybox. #�lF��B%�!�ē����a�J�acq��L��듯���Z��3�x�+xgT$�Cw�V�A� mR�������"40�0;���PW�H�9�ߑ�yO8Ls}и �]G181�`�F(��l�;ZjѪ�Ed7�gI���j�$���tG3���/����#,Ax~+]��ۓ-Qv�R&ќ>��]�s� ��Ļ�4�p�n��8YvͭAt&��HF�-C��Gh�A��ŗz�1&E3Y���Dϸ�? It was then a church instrument played by two men, one fingering the keys, one turning the wheel. The term hurdy gurdy was not coined in England until the eighteenth century. The instrument came into a new public consciousness when Today, the tradition has resurfaced. Hurdy Gurdies have had many body shapes over the years (see illustration). The most famousThe hurdy-gurdy is generally thought to have originated from The pitches on the organistrum were set according to During the late Renaissance, two characteristic shapes of hurdy-gurdies developed. They used a large music box operated by a crank. Both forms are found in French-speaking areas, while guitar-bodied instruments are the general form elsewhere. The Lira Organizzata was a hurdy gurdy with a bellows and organ
Many folk music festivals in Europe feature music groups with hurdy-gurdy players. First, to dispel a popular misconception: the hurdy gurdy was not played by the organ grinder or his monkey. They sometimes have up to five strings. The instrument still occurred as a street instrument in many places throughout Europe till about the twentieth century. The best-known are the French The hurdy-gurdy tradition is well-developed particularly in Lirnyky were categorised as beggars by the Russian authorities and fell under harsh repressive measures if they were caught performing in the streets of major cities until 1902, when the authorities were asked by ethnographers attending the 12th All-Russian Archaeological conference to stop persecuting them. ҍÍ��������c�: �>G�i�t ���R�#�?ԉ���x�����٣�-dI\�sf|kő#h�a //����.k"#W�8��z��p� ��ě�r���Χ1�[+����x��������t�pY)ݿݻI�z]�F�l�ٚ�?����˒7)�4�|��3\ۮ�虎L&9d�0���O��j%3�?�i��x��aʎMbc���I�~��Z'��.k�)��=���=f�P�z�H�\ky�r��θD/��"��Lm$LeR�����������)[�L�!

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